Source books · Mesmerism and Spiritualism

Modern Spiritualism: A History and a Criticism

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Mesmerism and Spiritualism
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Secondary source A study of the tradition from outside it: history, scholarship, anthropology or reference.
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In this study

A two-volume history and critical examination of modern Spiritualism by Frank Podmore, a member of the Society for Psychical Research. It follows the subject from possession and animal magnetism through American and British mediumship.

In volume 1's introduction (pp. xi–xv), Podmore argues that nineteenth-century Spiritualism inherited practices and interpretations from animal magnetism. He treats the rappings of 1848 as confirmation of an existing belief rather than the movement's sole beginning. His account is a period critical source, not a neutral modern survey.